Pakistan is at a crossroads. While the threat from al-Qaeda has been diminished, militancy is still a critical, evolving, and growing threat. Pakistan lags behind most of its neighbors in many economic and human development indicators, while its democratic institutions are undercut by recurring civil-military crises and its political class is mired in a paralyzing fight that has crippled its legitimacy and its ability to govern. All of these issues require urgent attention and action by...