Серия "The Middle Ages Series"

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Shaping Romance

Matilda Tomaryn Bruckner

Shaping Romance

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Matilda Tomaryn Bruckner

Florence and Its Church in the Age...

George W. Dameron

Florence and Its Church in the Age of Dante

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By the early fourteenth century, the city of Florence had emerged as an economic power in Tuscany, surpassing even Siena, which had previously been the banking center of the region. In the space of fifty years, during the lifetime of Dante Alighieri, 1265-1321, Florence had transformed itself from a political and economic backwater—scarcely keeping pace with its Tuscan neighbors—to one of the richest and most influential places on the continent. While many historians have...

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George W. Dameron

Last Things

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Last Things

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When the medievals spoke of «last things» they were sometimes referring to events, such as the millennium or the appearance of the Antichrist, that would come to all of humanity or at the end of time. But they also meant the last things that would come to each individual separately—not just the place, Heaven, Hell, or Purgatory, to which their souls would go but also the accounting, the calling to reckoning, that would come at the end of life. At different periods in the Middle Ages...

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Witchcraft and Magic in the Nordic...

Stephen A. Mitchell

Witchcraft and Magic in the Nordic Middle Ages

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Stephen A. Mitchell here offers the fullest examination available of witchcraft in late medieval Scandinavia. He focuses on those people believed to be able—and who in some instances thought themselves able—to manipulate the world around them through magical practices, and on the responses to these beliefs in the legal, literary, and popular cultures of the Nordic Middle Ages. His sources range from the Icelandic sagas to cultural monuments much less familiar to the...

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Stephen A. Mitchell

Nothing Natural Is Shameful

Joan Cadden

Nothing Natural Is Shameful

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In his Problemata , Aristotle provided medieval thinkers with the occasion to inquire into the natural causes of the sexual desires of men to act upon or be acted upon by other men, thus bringing human sexuality into the purview of natural philosophers, whose aim it was to explain the causes of objects and events in nature. With this philosophical justification, some late medieval intellectuals asked whether such dispositions might arise from anatomy or from the psychological processes of habit...

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Joan Cadden

Periodization and Sovereignty

Kathleen Davis

Periodization and Sovereignty

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Despite all recent challenges to stage-oriented histories, the idea of a division between a «medieval» and a «modern» period has survived, even flourished, in academia. Periodization and Sovereignty demonstrates that this survival is no innocent affair. By examining periodization together with the two controversial categories of feudalism and secularization, Kathleen Davis exposes the relationship between the constitution of «the Middle Ages» and the history of sovereignty, slavery, and...

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Kathleen Davis

Crossing Borders

Sahar Amer

Crossing Borders

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Given Christianity's valuation of celibacy and its persistent association of sexuality with the Fall and of women with sin, Western medieval attitudes toward the erotic could not help but be vexed. In contrast, eroticism is explicitly celebrated in a large number of theological, scientific, and literary texts of the medieval Arab Islamicate tradition, where sexuality was positioned at the very heart of religious piety. In Crossing Borders , Sahar Amer turns to the rich body of Arabic...

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Sahar Amer

Lost Letters of Medieval Life

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Lost Letters of Medieval Life

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Everyday life in early thirteenth-century England is revealed in vivid detail in this riveting collection of correspondence of people from all classes, from peasants and shopkeepers to bishops and earls. The documents presented here include letters between masters and servants, husbands and wives, neighbors and enemies, and cover a wide range of topics: politics and war, going to fairs and going to law, attending tournaments and stocking a game park, borrowing cash and doing favors for friends,...

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The Bride of Christ Goes to Hell

Dyan Elliott

The Bride of Christ Goes to Hell

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The early Christian writer Tertullian first applied the epithet «bride of Christ» to the uppity virgins of Carthage as a means of enforcing female obedience. Henceforth, the virgin as Christ's spouse was expected to manifest matronly modesty and due submission, hobbling virginity's ancient capacity to destabilize gender roles. In the early Middle Ages, the focus on virginity and the attendant anxiety over its possible loss reinforced the emphasis on claustration in female religious...

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Dyan Elliott

Crusade and Christendom

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Crusade and Christendom

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In 1213, Pope Innocent III issued his letter Vineam Domini , thundering against the enemies of Christendom—the «beasts of many kinds that are attempting to destroy the vineyard of the Lord of Sabaoth»—and announcing a General Council of the Latin Church as redress. The Fourth Lateran Council, which convened in 1215, was unprecedented in its scope and impact, and it called for the Fifth Crusade as what its participants hoped would be the final defense of Christendom. For the...

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The Medieval Culture of Disputation

Alex J. Novikoff

The Medieval Culture of Disputation

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Scholastic disputation, the formalized procedure of debate in the medieval university, is one of the hallmarks of intellectual life in premodern Europe. Modeled on Socratic and Aristotelian methods of argumentation, this rhetorical style was refined in the monasteries of the early Middle Ages and rose to prominence during the twelfth-century Renaissance. Strict rules governed disputation, and it became the preferred method of teaching within the university curriculum and beyond. In The Medieval...

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Alex J. Novikoff

A Knight's Own Book of Chivalry

Geoffroi de Charny

A Knight's Own Book of Chivalry

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On the great influence of a valiant lord: «The companions, who see that good warriors are honored by the great lords for their prowess, become more determined to attain this level of prowess.» On the lady who sees her knight honored: «All of this makes the noble lady rejoice greatly within herself at the fact that she has set her mind and heart on loving and helping to make such a good knight or good man-at-arms.» On the worthiest amusements: «The best pastime of all is to be often in good...

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Geoffroi de Charny

The Romance of the Rose or Guillaum...

Jean Renart

The Romance of the Rose or Guillaume de Dole

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The author of at least two noteworthy romances of the early thirteenth century, Le Roman de la Rose or Guillaume de Dole and L'Escoufle (The Kite), as well as Le Lai de l'Ombre , Jean Renart is today recognized as the most accomplished practitioner of the «realistic romance» in Old French literature.

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Jean Renart

Mechthild of Magdeburg and Her Book

Sara S. Poor

Mechthild of Magdeburg and Her Book

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Sometime around 1230, a young woman left her family and traveled to the German city of Magdeburg to devote herself to worship and religious contemplation. Rather than living in a community of holy women, she chose isolation, claiming that this life would bring her closer to God. Even in her lifetime, Mechthild of Magdeburg gained some renown for her extraordinary book of mystical revelations, The Flowing Light of the Godhead , the first such work in the German vernacular. Yet her writings...

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Sara S. Poor

Dark Speech

Robin Chapman Stacey

Dark Speech

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Robin Chapman Stacey

Land and Lordship

Otto Brunner

Land and Lordship

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Otto Brunner

The Royal Forests of Medieval Engla...

Charles R. Young

The Royal Forests of Medieval England

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Charles R. Young

The Road to Judgment

Robin Chapman Stacey

The Road to Judgment

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Robin Chapman Stacey

Nowhere in the Middle Ages

Karma Lochrie

Nowhere in the Middle Ages

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Karma Lochrie

Gendered Voices

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Gendered Voices

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How the Anglo-Saxons Read Their Poe...

Daniel Donoghue

How the Anglo-Saxons Read Their Poems

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The scribes of early medieval England wrote out their vernacular poems using a format that looks primitive to our eyes because it lacks the familiar visual cues of verse lineation, marks of punctuation, and capital letters. The paradox is that scribes had those tools at their disposal, which they deployed in other kinds of writing, but when it came to their vernacular poems they turned to a sparser presentation. How could they afford to be so indifferent? The answer lies in the expertise that...

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Daniel Donoghue

Parrots and Nightingales

Sarah Kay

Parrots and Nightingales

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The love songs of Occitan troubadours inspired a rich body of courtly lyric by poets working in neighboring languages. For Sarah Kay, these poets were nightingales, composing verse that is recognizable yet original. But troubadour poetry also circulated across Europe in a form that is less well known but was more transformative. Writers outside Occitania quoted troubadour songs word for word in their original language, then commented upon these excerpts as linguistic or poetic examples, as...

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Sarah Kay

Reconquest and Crusade in Medieval...

Joseph F. O'Callaghan

Reconquest and Crusade in Medieval Spain

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Drawing from both Christian and Islamic sources, Reconquest and Crusade in Medieval Spain demonstrates that the clash of arms between Christians and Muslims in the Iberian peninsula that began in the early eighth century was transformed into a crusade by the papacy during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Successive popes accorded to Christian warriors willing to participate in the peninsular wars against Islam the same crusading benefits offered to those going to the Holy Land. Joseph F....

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Joseph F. O'Callaghan

Righteous Persecution

Christine Caldwell Ames

Righteous Persecution

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Righteous Persecution examines the long-controversial involvement of the Order of Preachers, or Dominicans, with inquisitions into heresy in medieval Europe. From their origin in the thirteenth century, the Dominicans were devoted to a ministry of preaching, teaching, and pastoral care, to «save souls» particularly tempted by the Christian heresies popular in western Europe. Many persons then, and scholars in our own time, have asked how members of a pastoral order modeled on Christ and the...

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Christine Caldwell Ames

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